MiniOFS is designed by Dr. Sten Löfving is used to make direct
measurements of visual range. The sensor is sensitive for particles in
a zone about 25 cm ahead of the location of the sensor who limit the
visibility in the air. These particles are normally the microscopic water
particles constituting fog, but they may also be snowflakes, raindrops
or air pollutants. But the most indications of low visibility are because
of fog or snow.
The MiniOFS is probably the cheapest visibility sensor on the market. It
is well known that fog causes many accidents in road traffic and
elsewhere. You can read about how MiniOFS can reduce serial collisions
in fog.